定语从句的where和when
来源:才华咖 本文已影响6.77K人
来源:才华咖 本文已影响6.77K人
引导语:用不用when,看句子结构缺什么成分,前面的所谓先行词词义只是参照。从套路上来说,利用语义惯性,词组或句子常规结构惯性来设置陷阱在历届试题中已成常态。往往是看起来很美女,实际上却是白骨精。看似通常,实则异常。
这里要说一下,英语动词分为及物动词和不及物动词,说这个和定语从句关系词选择有什么关系呢?关系大着呢。及物两个字不是说明它高级,其实是说明及物动词不能单独使用,独立性差,必须带上宾语才行。相反,不及物动词就可以随心所欲,想带宾语时后面加个介词就好了,不想带宾语就独来独往。
所以,当你看到:空前有名词,空后句子里有及物动词,那么没悬念了,你选关系代词就对了。
还有一种情况,有的动词是及物动词,更特殊的是它能带两个宾语,也就是说,不要以为看到及物动词后有宾语了就以为可以选关系副词了。打住,看看那个动词是不是像give, buy一类的接可双宾语,如果是,那即使句子里有了一个宾语,句子还是缺宾语,还是要选关系代词。
在通常情况下,表示时间的名词后应用关系副词 when 来引导定语从句。但下面一句是例外,你能看出它的特殊性吗?
She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.
A. which B. when C. how D. where
【陷阱】容易误选B,机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when,地点名词后用关系副词 where。
【分析】正确答案为A。在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来,若用作主语或宾语,用关系代词;若用作状语,则用关系副词。上面一题中的动词 spent 缺宾语,故应用关系代词 which或that。比较下面一题,由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语,所以选关系副词when:
She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she works as a secretary in our company.
A. which B. when C. how D. where
请再做一组试题(答案均选A):
(1) Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.
A. which B. when C. how D. where
选A,which 在定语从句中用作动词 bought 的宾语。
(2) Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.
A. which B. when C. how D. where
选A,which 在定语从句中用作主语。
(3) Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.
A. where B. when C. that D. which
选A,where 在定语从句中用作状语。
「看到它们,就选where」
有一些先行词,如point,stage,position,case,policy,condition等,属于抽象的地点名词,需要接where引导的定语从句。
There is one point where I’d like your advice.
有一点,我想听听你的建议.
A condition where the parking brakes do not hold will most probably be due to a wheel brake component.
不能按住手煞车的情况最大的可能是由于车轮煞车部件的`原因.
You reach a point in your project where you just want to get the thing finished.
从事任何项目你都会进入一种境界:一心想完成它.
I’ve reached the stage where I just don’t care any more.
我已经到了一种什么都不在乎的地步.
We are in a position where we may lose a large sum of money.
在我们的处境下可能会损失打量金钱.
There are cases where this rule does not hold good.
在一些情况下,这个规则是不适用的.
This company has now introduced a policy where pay rises are related to performance at work.
这家公司引进一种政策:薪酬与工作表现挂钩.
Have you ever been in a situation where you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?
你是否曾经处于你知道另一个人和你格格不入的一种境况?
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