where在定语从句中运用
来源:才华咖 本文已影响2.8W人
来源:才华咖 本文已影响2.8W人
“where”是高考热点之一,命题中主要考查其在定语从句、名词从句和状语从句这三大从句中的使用。例如:
(1)Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.
句中where是关系副词,引导定语从句,在从句中做状语;
(2)You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is where I disagree. 句中where是连接副词,引导名词从句做表语,而本身在从句中做状语;
(3)If you are traveling where the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. 句中where是从属连词,引导状语从句。
在回答有关where的题目时,往往会遇到这样两个难点: 一、定语从句中,“感觉不到”的where
一提到where,我们往往都借其词义,想到“哪里”,无论是在工厂,在学校,在街道等等,都看得见,摸得着,例如:
They will fly to Washington, ________they plan to stay for two or three days. A. where B. there C. which D. when
这似乎是显而易见。“他们要飞往华盛顿,他们打算在那(华盛顿)待上两三天。”“在华盛顿”,使用where,有具体的地点。 不过再看一看下面的三个题目:
(1)Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.
A. where B. when C. who D. which
(2)After graduation she reached a point in her career ____ she needed to decide what to do. A. that B. what C. which D. where
答案ADC,全部都是where。但是,你肯定不像刚才的“飞往华盛顿”的那个题目,能一眼辨别出是选择where。
上面第(1)题,先行词是cases,关系副词where引导定语从句,where是“in the cases(在这些案例中)”的意思;
第(2)题,先行词是point,关系副词where引导定语从句,where是“on the point(在她职业中的那一点)”的意思;
当然,我们还会碰到一些先行词,同样会用关系副词where引导定语从句,而让我们感觉不到“具体的哪”,这就需要同学们扩大听读,在具体的、鲜活的语言材料中不断体会,从而加以把握。
二、“内涵”不尽相同的三大从句里的where
在学习中,很多同学容易犯的一个错误,就是不分定语从句、名词从句和状语从句where的不同内涵,把定语从句中介词+which所能等同的where,误认为适用名词从句和状语从句的where,把它们看成了一回事。例如:
A modern city has been set up in_________was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where
很多同学在回答这个问题时,都不假思索地选择了B. which,认为in which就是where,引导定语从句。但是全句在in which前没有先行词,因此不是定语从句。本题应当选择A。 那么, where在名词从句和状语从句中到底是什么样的.内涵呢? 我们来看一看下面两个题目:
(1)Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s _______ the best jobs are. A. where B C. when D. why
答案A。where作为连接副词,引导名词做表语,这里实际是“the place where”的意思。 (2)You’d better not leave the medicine _____ kids can get at it. A. even if B. which C. where D. so that
答案C。where作为从属连词,引导状语从句,这里实际是“at the place where”的意思。 分清楚where在不同从句中的内涵,可以使我们在选择的时候,建立比较好的“语感”,从而帮助我们准确回答好题目。
判定在定语从句中引导地点用that 和where的区别
1.看被定语从句所修饰的先行词(名词/代词)能不能直接和从句相连.
如果可以直接和从句其他成分相连,无须补上介词,则用that/which;
如果需要额外补上介词才能放在定语从句中,则用where.
如:This is the city (which/that I stayed in last year).
把先行词the city放入后面的定语从句,为:
I stayed in (the city) last year.
the city直接做介词in的宾语,所以用which/that.
再如:This is the city (where I stayed last year).
把先行词the city放入定语从句,需要补上介词in方可,即为:
I stayed (in the city) last year.
所以使用where或in which.
2.看定语从句是缺少地点状语还是缺少主语/宾语/表语.
如果缺少地点状语,用where;
如果只缺少主语/宾语/表语,则用which/that.
如:This is the city (which/that) I visited last year.
从句I visited last year中,及物动词visited后面缺少一个宾语,所以用which/that;
再如:This is the city (where) I lived last year.
I lived last year中,缺少地点状语in the city,所以用where或in which
其实上面两种方法是一样的,不知道楼主能不能看明白?
如果对你有所帮助,请点击我回答下面的“选为满意回答”按钮,
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