2015年3月28日职称英语(卫生C)考试真题
来源:才华咖 本文已影响1.4W人
来源:才华咖 本文已影响1.4W人
第二篇 Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart Disease (教材上阅读判断)
More than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10 percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years, according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.
“I hope that these numbers will give physicians, researchers, health policy analysts, and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population,” lead author Dr. Earl S. Ford, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention1 in Atlanta, said in a statement.
The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects, between 20 and 79 years of age, who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.
Overall, 82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent, 15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent, and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.
The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age, and men were more likely than women to be in this group.2 By contrast3, race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.
Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10–year risk of heart disease, a large proportion have a high or immediate risk4, Dr. Daniel S. Berman, from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, and Dr. Nathan D. Wong, from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.
Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward, they add.
第五篇 Dangers Await Babies with Altitude(教材上阅读判断)
Women who live in the world’s highest communities tend to give birth to under-weight babies, a new study suggests. These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.1
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average. But it wasn’t clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are under-nourished — many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.
To find out more, Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Bolivia during 1997 and babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities: La Paz and Santa Cruz. La Paz is the highest city in the world, at 3.65 kilometers above sea level, while Santa Cruz is much lower, at 0.44 kilometers.
Sure enough, Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz. This was true in both high and low-income families. Even babies born to poor families in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz. “We were very surprised by this result,” says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of2 oxygen before birth. “This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child.3 ‘‘ says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their bodies4. This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body5.
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood, for example. Low birthweight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.
第一篇 Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is Found(教材上完形填空)
The World Health Organization estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their lungs. Two million people die of it. The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis.
Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to take a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel better. Doing that can lead to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured. It would also mean fewer infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others.
The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.
The World Health Organization developed the DOTS program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment.
Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.
2015年3月28日职称英语考试真题 相关文章:
1.2015年3月28日职称英语(卫生A)考试真题
2.2015年3月28日职称英语(卫生A)考试真题(3)
3.2015年3月28日职称英语(卫生B)考试真题
4.2015年3月28日职称英语(卫生A)考试真题(2)
5.2015年职称英语(综合A)考试真题带答案
6.2015年职称英语《卫生A》考试真题之概括大意
2015年职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案概括大意
2015年职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案补全短文
2015年职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案词汇选项
2016年职称英语考试卫生类C级真题及答案
2015年卫生类C级职称英语阅读理解考试真题
2015年职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案阅读判断
2015年职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案阅读理解
2015年职称英语理工类C级考试真题(文字版)
2015职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案
2015年职称英语(理工类C)考试真题带答案
2015年职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案完形填空
2015职称英语考试卫生C阅读理解真题
2015年职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案
2016年职称英语考试真题及答案(卫生类C级)
2018年职称英语考试卫生C阅读判断题
职称英语考试卫生类A级模拟试题及答案(2016)
2015年职称英语考试《理工C级》模拟试题带答案(二)
2017年卫生类c职称英语真题
2015年职称英语《卫生类》阅读理解试题带答案(四)
2018年职称英语考试卫生类C阅读基础练习题
GE笔试C语言部分试题
2015年职称英语考试理工C真题
2016职称英语卫生类a级全真试卷(带答案)
2015年职称英语卫生类B级考试真题及答案
职称英语考试心得
2016职称英语考试卫生类考前练习题(含答案)
2015职称英语考试真题精选(综合类)
2018年职称英语考试阅读判断核心辅导题「卫生C」
2015年职称英语考试《理工C级》模拟试题带答案(一)
2015年3月28日职称英语《综合A》考试答案
2016年职称英语考试真题及答案卫生类C级阅读判断
2018职称英语考试卫生C完形填空试题
2015年职称英语考试《综合B》考试真题答案(完整版)
2015年职称英语考试《理工C级》模拟试题带答案(四)
2016年职称英语考试真题及答案卫生类C级词汇选项
2015年职称英语考试《理工C级》模拟试题带答案(三)
2016年职称英语考试真题及答案卫生类C级补全短文
2018年职称英语卫生C补全短文精考题
2015年职称英语卫生类A级考试真题及答案
卫生职称考试题