词语辨析:cost, spend, take的用法区别
来源:才华咖 本文已影响5.66K人
来源:才华咖 本文已影响5.66K人
明天就是高考了,英语词汇是英语考试的关键,所以今天小编给大家整理了一些实用且常用的高考英语词汇相关资料,觉得有用的话快收藏吧。
一、根据主语辨析
虽然三者均可表示“花费”,但所用主语不同:cost 的主语通常是事或物(包括形式主语 it),不能是人;spend 的主语只能是人,不能是事或物;take 的主语可以是事或物(包括形式主语 it),也可以是人。如:
The computer cost (me) $2000. 这台电脑花了(我) 2000 美元。
I have spent all day looking for you. 我花了一整天找你。
It took me an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了一个小时。
I took an hour to write the letter. (译文同上)
注:若 cost 不是表示“花费”,而是表示客观上地或被动地“耗费”,则也可用人作主语。如:
Smokers cost the government a lot of money every year. 抽烟的人每年要耗费政府不少钱。
二、根据宾语辨析
cost 的宾语通常是钱,take 的.宾语通常是时间,而 spend 的宾语则可以是时间或钱。如:
How much did it cost to build the bridge? 建这座桥花了多少钱?
It took her two hours to walk to the station. 走路去车站花了她两小时。
He spends much time (money) on books. 他花了很多时间读(钱买)书。
注:cost 有时也用于时间,但通常只用于笼统时间(一般不用于具体明确的时间)。如:
Making experiments like this costs much time and labour. 做这样的实验要花很多时间和劳力。
按传统语法,take 的宾语通常是时间,但在现代英语中,用钱作其宾语的现象已很普遍。如:
It takes a lot of money to buy a house. 买一座房子要花一大笔钱。
三、根据句型辨析
从句型结构来看。三者的通常句型为:
sth costs (sb) money 某物花某人多少钱
it costs (sb) money to do sth 做某事花某人多少钱
sb spends time (money) on sth 某人在某一方面花多少钱
sb spends time (money) in [on] doing sth 某人在做某事方面花多少钱
it takes sb time (money) to do sth = it takes time (money) for sb to do sth. 做某事花某人多少时间或钱
sth takes sb time (money) to do 某事花某人多少时间或钱去做
sb takes time (money) to do 某人花多少时间或钱去做某事
英语词汇是高考英语考试的基础,多看几个单词长长记性,也许英语考试刚好就碰上呢。记住,梦想还是要有的,万一考上了呢。小编也顺便在这里预祝将要高考的同学们考试顺利,高考英语六六六。
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