新概念一定语从句

定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。下面是小编整理的新概念一定语从句，欢迎大家阅读参考。

　一、什么是定语(Attributive) :

a loyal friend 形容词作定语

a woman teacher 名词作定语

a girl with long hair 介词短语作后置定语

falling / fallen leaves 分词作定语

定语从句在句中相当于一个定语的成分起修饰的作用。

　　二、定语从句的构成：

1)which/that

a. Annawas wearing a hat.

b. Itwas too dirty.

定从： Annawas wearing a hat which/that was too dirty. (主语)

安娜戴了一顶很脏的帽子。

a. The hat was too dirty.

b. Anna was wearing a hat

定从： The hat that/ which Anna was wearing was too dirty.(宾语)

安娜戴着的那顶帽子太脏了。

2). who/whom

a. I meta boy.

b. Theboy can speak three languages.

定从： I met a boy who can speak three languages. (主语)

我见到了一个能说三种语言的男孩儿。

a. Theboy can speak three languages.

b. I met a boy.

定从：The boy whom/ who I met can speak three languages. (宾语)

我见到的男孩儿能说三种语言。

3. whose

a. We saw some people.

b. Their arms had broken.

定从： We saw some people whose arms had broken.

我们看见了一些手臂受了伤的人。

a. The desk belongs to Mary.

b. The leg of the desk is broken.

定从： The deskwhose leg is broken belongs to Mary.

腿坏了的桌子属于玛利。

三、只能使用关系代词that的几种情况。

1. 先行词为all, little, few,much, nothing, something, anything, everything等不定代词时

e is nothing that I can say

2. 先行词被 all, each, few,much, every, no, some, any 等词修饰时

e.g. I have few books that you needed

3. 先行词既有人又有物时

e.g. He talked about the teachers and schools that he liked

4.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时

e.g. This is the best composition that I have read.

5. 先行词被the only, the very,the last 等修饰时

e.g. This is the very man that I am looking for.

6. 主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时

e.g. Who is the man that is holding Mary’s hand?

四、非限定性定语从句 Non-restrictive Attributive Clause

1. “位置形式”：紧接先行词，不用标点分割

e.g. I want to buy the house which has agarden.

2. 用逗号与主句隔开，修饰“主句全句或部分内容”，可置句末，中，首。

e.g. I want to buy the house, which has agarden.

The earth is round, which is known to all

As is known to all, the earth is round.

3. “先行词”

限定性： n. / n. phrase

e.g. He wears a red shirt which makes himlike a girl.

非限定性：1). n. / n. phrase

2). the sentence

e.g. He wears a red shirt, which makes himlike a girl.

“关系词的用法”

限定性：1).关系代词作从句宾语时可省

2). that可替who, whom, which(口)

e.g. This is the book( which/that) I boughtyesterday.

非限定性：1).关系词不能用that

2).不能替换，不能省(which, as)

e.g. I like the book, which I bought yesterday

Do you know Tom, whom we talked about?

She has to work on Sundays,which she doesn’t like.

　　一、定义

用来修饰句子中的名词或代词或其短语的从句，就叫做定语从句。其实，就是拿句子来做名词、代词或是其短语的定语。如：

It's a book.

I bought the book yesterday.以上两句话中，都有book一词，所以可以用定语从句把两句话连起来。即：

It's the book that I bought yesterday.这句话中that引导的I bought yesterday就是一个定语从句，用来修饰the book。

　二、两个概念

要想学好定语从句，得先弄清楚两个基本概念，即：先行词和关系词。

(一)先行词

所谓先行词，就是指定语从句所修饰的成分。这个名称倒是挺形象的，为什么?因为先行词永远出现在定语从句的前面，总是先走一步的`，呵呵!

(二)关系词

所谓关系词，就是指用来连接定语从句的词语。关系词可以分为关系代词和关系副词。需要注意的是，关系代词或关系副词都要在从句中充当成分的，所以是不可或缺的，尽管当关系代词在从句中作宾语时，经常可以省略(本文会继续讲到这个情况)。

我们在来看一下在第一节里出现的句子：

It's the book that I bought yesterday.句中的the book就是先行词，被后面的从句I bought yesterday所修饰。而that就是关系代词，用来连接I bought yesterday，同时又在从句作bought的宾语，而且可以省略。

定语从句的学习，其实就是有关根据先行词的特点选择合适的关系词的学习。

　三、分类

按照定语从句与先行词的关系紧密与否，可以分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。

(一)限定性定语从句

限定性定语从句对先行词起着修饰限定作用，是不可或缺的。如：

These are the apples that/which they sent us two days ago.

(二)非限定性定语从句

非限定性定语从句对先行词起着补充说明作用，可要可不要。非限定性定语从句都会被逗号与先行词隔开。